Specialised farming areas developed for climate change adaptation

Tien Giang - Tan Phu Dong, an islet district in the Mekong Delta province of Tien Giang, has developed specialised farming areas to enable local farmers to adapt to climate change.

A ginger field in Tan Phu Dong district’s Phu Thanh commune in Tien Giang province. (Photo: VNA)

Located in the downstream area of the Tien River, a tributary of the Mekong, the district is often affected by severe saltwater intrusion during the dry season. The agrarian district is also one of Tien Giang’s poorest.

Since its creation in 2008, the district has been zoning areas for aquaculture and crops like lemongrass, soursop and coconut, which grow well in local conditions.

Nguyen Van Hai, head of the Tan Phu Dong Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, said the district has determined it would develop its agriculture based on aquaculture and specialised farming areas.

The area under coconut area has grown from 500ha in 2008 to 1,200ha now while that under soursop has increased from 260ha to 780ha, mostly in Tan Thoi, Tan Phu and Tan Thanh communes.

There are 7,050ha of aquaculture ponds, twice the area in 2008.

It has 1,900ha of lemongrass, the largest area in the province, comprising mostly lands that used to be low-yield rice paddies that grew only one rice a year.

The district has developed Phu Tan into a specialised aquaculture commune that breeds shrimp using intensive and extensive farming methods and rotates between rice and shrimp in the same fields. Phu Tan has 500ha under the rotation model.

Ha Van Hai was one of the first farmers to adopt it. He breeds shrimp and mud crabs on his 5ha field in the dry season and rice in the rainy season to earn 360-400 million VND (15,300-17,000 USD) a year.

The rotation model has helped his family become well off, he said.

He is the head of the commune’s aquaculture co-operative group which has 31 members and a total of 115ha of land under the rotation model.

It produces clean rice and shrimp since farmers do not use a lot of chemicals on their lands.

Local farmers have also adopted the garden - pond - livestock pen model to improve their income.

Le Cong Lu has 6.5ha in Phu Dong commune’s coastal area which regularly suffers from saltwater intrusion.

He grows coconut and breeds goats since they both can cope with lack of water and inclement weather and earns more than 300 million VND (12,780 USD) a year.  

Farmers in the district also use advanced farming techniques like integrated pest management, efficient irrigation and Vietnamese good agricultural practices.

Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Chairman of the Tan Phu Dong People’s Committee, said the development of effective farming models has helped reduce the district’s poverty rate to 16.3 percent from 42.5 percent in 2008. The district has a population of 43,000.

To mitigate the impact of saltwater intrusion in Tan Phu Dong, the province is setting up local irrigation projects.

In the 2019-2020 dry season, the province has invested 13.2 billion VND (560,000 USD) to dredge ditches in fields and build temporary saltwater prevention dams to protect nearly 3,000ha of vegetables, fruits, lemongrass and other crops.

The district targets outputs of 28,000 tonnes of lemongrass, 7,800 tonnes of soursop, 2,500 tonnes of vegetables and 23,00 tonnes of shrimp this year.

The district’s lemongrass was granted a collective brand name last year by the National Office of Intellectual Property.